This report explores the socio-political dynamics of the Tubu people across the Chad-Sudan-Libya triangle, focusing on their historical and contemporary struggles with statehood, identity, and marginalization. It highlights the Tubu’s unique status as a cross-border community, often caught between state policies and their stateless reality. The report examines the interplay between these factors and regional conflicts, including armed clashes, economic pressures, and the challenges of governance in remote desert areas.

In relation to southern Libya, the report underscores the role of the Tubu in Fezzan’s political and social fabric. It details how their marginalization has led to tensions with other communities and influenced governance and resource management in areas like Sebha, Murzuq, and Kufra. The report also touches on the Tubu’s involvement in cross-border trade and migration, which are critical to the region’s economy but have also sparked conflicts.