Sabha, the largest city in southwestern Libya, is a vital economic hub and a major transit point for trade and migration between North Africa and sub-Saharan Africa. Located in the desert region of the Fezzan, it consists of 15 neighborhoods and the municipal branch of Ghadwa. Its population is between 147,000 and 250,000, and includes various tribes such as the Awlad Sulayman, Tebu, Tuareg, and others, in addition to migrants and internally displaced persons. About 700 Tuareg families live in temporary civil registry accommodation in the Cairo neighborhood, and face challenges in accessing basic services and legal rights. Sabha’s economy is based on trade and agriculture and its strategic location, although informal economic activities have flourished due to weak oversight. The city faces challenges such as tribal diversity, infrastructure gaps, and fragmented governance. Despite these obstacles, Sabha offers significant potential for growth and development, provided that governance structures and basic services are strengthened.