This report by the International Peace Institute examines the role of the United Nations Support Mission in Libya (UNSMIL) in facilitating local mediation efforts. It outlines the mission’s gradual evolution from focusing on national-level transitions to engaging in local conflict resolutions. The report highlights the involvement of municipalities, civil society, and local mediators in addressing disputes over governance, resources, and tribal dynamics. Key examples include UNSMIL’s efforts in southern Libyan cities like Sebha, Murzuq, and Ghadames, where tribal and resource conflicts were prominent. The study underscores the challenges of fragmented governance, lack of political will, and the complexities of transitional justice